Ribosomes

Ribosomes are tiny organelles in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. They are responsible for protein synthesis by translating the genetic information stored in RNA into proteins. Ribosomes are composed of two subunits, which come together during protein synthesis and dissociate when the process is complete.

Large Ribosomal Subunit

The large subunit of ribosomes is the larger of the two subunits that come together during protein synthesis. It is composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and proteins. The large subunit is responsible for forming peptide bonds between amino acids to create proteins. Together with the small subunit, it reads the mRNA and synthesizes proteins.

Small Ribosomal Subunit

The small subunit of ribosomes is the smaller of the two subunits. It is composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and proteins. The small subunit is responsible for binding to mRNA and initiating the process of protein synthesis. Together with the large subunit, it reads the mRNA and synthesizes proteins.