Tuatara

Sphenodontia is a group of reptiles that includes only two living species of tuataras found in New Zealand. They have unique characteristics, such as a third eye on their forehead that is sensitive to light and a dentition that is unique among reptiles. They also have a slow metabolism and long lifespan, with some individuals living up to 100 years or more.

Teeth

Tuataras have unique teeth that are fused to the jawbone. They have two rows of teeth in the upper jaw and one row in the lower jaw that work together to crush the prey. Tuatara teeth have a distinct shape and structure, with cusps that interlock when the jaws close, making them efficient predators.

Third Eye

Tuataras possess a third eye, called the parietal eye, located on the top of their head. This eye is thought to play a role in regulating their circadian rhythms and body temperature. It is visible under young tuataras’ skin but becomes covered with scales and pigment in a few months, making it hard to see.